The present-day India was a part of the British Indian Empire. Although the British East India Company started trading in India in the seventeenth century, Company rule in India started from 1757 after the Company's victory in the Battle of Plassey. In 1858, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown assuming direct control of India. The period after World War I was marked by British reforms but also repressive legislation, by more strident Indian calls for self-rule, and by the beginnings of a non-violent movement of non-cooperation and civil disobedience, of which Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi would become the leader and enduring symbol.[2]:167 During the 1930s, slow legislative reform was enacted by the British; the Indian National Congress won victories in the resulting elections.[2]:195–197 The next decade was beset with crises: Indian participation in World War II, the Congress's final push for non-cooperation, and an upsurge of Muslim nationalism led by the All-India Muslim League. All were capped by the advent of independence in 1947, but tempered by the bloody partition of the subcontinent into two states: India and Pakistan.
In 1946, the Labour government in Britain, its exchequer exhausted by the recently concluded World War II, and conscious that it had neither the mandate at home, the international support, nor the reliability of native forces for continuing to control an increasingly restless India,[2]:203[3][4][5] decided to end British rule of India. In February 1947, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Clement Attlee announced that the British government would grant full self-governance to British India by June 1948 at the latest.[6] With the British army unprepared for the potential for increased violence, the new viceroy, Louis Mountbatten, advanced the date for the transfer of power, allowing less than seven months for a mutually agreed plan for independence.
The British government announced on 3 June 1947 that the principle of partition of India was accepted by the British government,[6] the successor governments would be given dominion status and would have an implicit right to secede from the British Commonwealth. Viceroy Mountbatten chose 15 August as the date of power transfer; he chose this date as this was the second anniversary of Japan's surrender in the World War II.[7] The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo 6 c. 30) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan.[8] The Act received the royal assent on 18 July 1947.[6]
 |
| First Indian "Independence Day" at "Red Fort " |
The Indian Independence Act's salient provisions were:[8]
the division of British India into the two new and fully sovereign dominions of India and Pakistan, with effect from 15 August 1947;
the partition of the provinces of Bengal and Punjab between the two new countries;
the establishment of the office of Governor-General in each of the two new countries, as representative of the Crown;
the conferral of complete legislative authority upon the respective Constituent Assemblies of the two new countries;
the termination of British suzerainty over the princely states, with effect from 15 August 1947, and the right of states to accede to either dominion;
the dropping of the use of the title "Emperor of India" by the British monarch (this was subsequently done by King George VI by royal proclamation on 22 June 1948);
the provision for the division of joint property between the two new countries, including in particular the division of the armed forces.
 |
| "Times Of India" Front Page 15th August 1947 |
"Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. It is fitting that at this solemn moment, we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity."
—Tryst with destiny speech, Jawaharlal Nehru, 15 August 1947
We Salute Each and Every Soldier Who Is Fighting For India And For Indians.
We Salute Each and Every Soldier Who Lost His Life While Protecting Mother Country.
We Salute To Each and Every Freedom Fighters Who Fighted And Won India.
"We Salute To God Who Gave me India"
Yes. Shriram Bapu For Giving Me India . Iam Proud To Be Indian
Vande Mataram,!!
Jay Hind!!!!!!
